On July 17, 1908, Deputy Sheriff Robert Gardner of the Jefferson County Sheriff's Office in Alabama was fatally shot during a confrontation with striking coal miners. The incident occurred amid a significant labor dispute involving approximately 18,000 miners who had initiated a strike on July 8, 1908, under the United Mine Workers District 20. The miners were protesting wage reductions proposed by the Alabama Coal Operators Association, leading to heightened tensions in the Birmingham District.
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